Petrolina de Goiás

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Petrolina de Goiás is a small municipality in the central part of Goiás state, Brazil. It has about 10,261 residents (2020) living in an area of 540.4 square kilometers, and sits at around 720 meters above sea level.

Location
- About 81 kilometers north of Goiânia, the state capital.
- Nearby towns include São Francisco de Goiás, Ouro Verde de Goiás, Damolândia, and Santa Rosa de Goiás.
- It’s connected by state highway GO-80 from Goiânia.
- Nearby regional center: Anápolis, about 54 kilometers away.

History
- Founded in 1919 by Joaquim Pedro and his family, who donated land to establish a settlement and a chapel.
- The settlement was first called Descoberto, then renamed Petrolina in honor of the founder.
- It became a district of Jaraguá in 1932.
- The name was changed to Goialina in 1943 and finally to Petrolina de Goiás in 1948.

Economy
- Main activities: agriculture, cattle raising, services, public administration, and small industries.
- Local economy includes 16 industrial establishments and 69 retail businesses.
- Banks present: Banco do Brasil and Banco Itaú.
- Cattle herd was large (about 61,800 head in 2007).
- Key crops include pineapples, garlic, rice, bananas, manioc, corn, and tomatoes.

Agriculture (2006 data)
- 1,015 farms, total area 38,443 hectares.
- Permanent crops: 1,402 ha; perennial crops: 4,635 ha.
- Natural pasture: 27,146 ha; woodland/forests: 5,443 ha.
- About 1,400 people dependent on farming; 123 farms with tractors and 132 total tractors.

Education and Health
- In 2006, there were 9 schools with about 2,560 students.
- Adult literacy rate around 82% (year 2000 data).
- There was 1 hospital with 23 beds (2007).
- Human Development Index (HDI) was 0.733, with state and national rankings around the middle.

See also
- List of municipalities in Goiás
- Microregions of Goiás

Petrolina de Goiás is a small, agriculture-focused community in Goiás with a long history and a rural economy supported by farming, cattle, and basic services.