IGLL5

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IGLL5 is a human gene that makes a protein called immunoglobulin lambda-like polypeptide 5. It belongs to the immunoglobulin lambda-like polypeptide family and sits in the immunoglobulin lambda locus on chromosome 22.

Gene and protein basics
- IGLL5 stands for immunoglobulin lambda-like polypeptide 5.
- It is located on chromosome 22 at the 22q11.22 region. The gene’s arrangement includes an initial exon that is not part of the usual immunoglobulin variable gene set, with later exons forming parts related to immunoglobulin lambda joining and constant segments.
- The gene produces multiple transcript variants due to alternative splicing, meaning there are several possible forms of the IGLL5 protein.

Function and role
- IGLL5 encodes a protein that is immunoglobulin lambda-like and can bind antigens, a common feature in the immune system.
- The protein is associated with extracellular regions and particles like immunoglobulin complexes and exosomes.
- It is thought to participate in immune system processes such as B cell receptor signaling, phagocytosis, and defense responses against bacteria, as well as complement activation.

Expression and evolution
- In humans, IGLL5 is expressed in many tissues, with notable presence in the duodenum, rectum, bone marrow, mucosa of the transverse colon, lymph nodes, spleen, tonsil, appendix, and olfactory mucosa.
- The human IGLL5 has a mouse counterpart (ortholog). The mouse version is expressed in tissues such as bone marrow, granulocytes, embryo, choroid plexus, brown adipose tissue, and parts of the brain.

Identifiers and references
- Human UniProt entries: B9A064 and P20764.
- RefSeq references for human mRNA and protein: NM_001256296 and NP_001171597.
- Ensembl: ENSG00000254709 (human) and the mouse counterpart ENSMUSG00000075370.
- Wikidata entry: Q20969998.

In short, IGLL5 is a human gene that produces an immunoglobulin lambda-like protein involved in immune-related binding activities and is expressed in a wide range of tissues, reflecting its role in immune system function.